Winner of the 2024 Berggruen Prize Essay Competition

"As a Professor of Philosophy from Fudan University, I specialize in philosophy of language (Wittgenstein in particular) and epistemology. My work also engages with the dialogue between analytic philosophy and other philosophical traditions, including Asian philosophy. Since 2006, I have been working on the philosophical issues related to AI, drawing on Wittgenstein’s ideas, and have published extensively on the philosophy of AI. My book Mind, Language and Machines—a Dialogue between Wittgenstein and AI, won the Simian Original Award in 2022. Motivated by ethical and epistemological reasons, I have become the philosophical representative of the Mandarin-speaking “small-dataism” campaign, which challenges the prevailing “big-dataism” approach in shaping the future of AI."